Gun



July 5, 1938.

LE ROY B.- FRASER GUN Filed May 26, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 Shees-Sheet2 July 5, 1938. LE ROY B. FRASER GUN Filed May 26, 1956 Patented July 5,1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1': Claims.

My invention relates to guns, and more particularly to a gun designedfor the use of beginners, so that it will require in its use the properform and technique on the part of the marksman.

In learning to shoot, the average person is not taught the proper way ofholding the gun when firing it, and as a result holds his gun in themanner in which his fancy or convenience may dictate. As in othersports, lack of proficiency and errors in shooting are due to a Largeextent to incorrect form, and particularly to incorrect methods ofholding the firearm while firing it. When a beginner has made anincorrect start in this respect, he naturally continues to use his gunin the-same manner, and thus by continued practice perfects his errorsin just the same manner that he would perfect a correct form if he hadlearned such a form in the beginning. If, 7 however, the beginner istaught the correct form in the first instance, it will, of course, bejust as natural to him as the incorrect form, and as a result he willnot only handle a gun more safely,

but will shoot more accurately.

In order to hold a gun properly, one must have a proper grip upon itwith the hands, must set and press the butt properly against theshoulder, and must place his check in proper position a ainst the stockso that his head lies over the stock and his eye in the line of sight.In other words, correct shooting form is to a great extent a combinationof correct shoulder, face and grip pressures. By the present inventionit is contemplated to provide a gun which will require the properholding of the gun on the part of the marksman before it may befired.This will not only result in better marksmanship but it will materiallyreduce shoulder punishment and will also provide a safety factor whichwill materially reduce accidents, as the gun cannot'be fired unless heldagainst the shoulder in the proper position, where the marksman will seewhere the gun is pointing.

One object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a gunparticularly for use by beginners in shooting, which will require themarksman to hold the gun in the proper position before it can be fired.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a gun which willrequire the correct shoulder, grip and cheek pressures upon the barreland stock of the gun before it may be discharged. More specifically, myimproved gun is provided with a stock and barrel which are normally outof alignment, the stock being capable of a rotative movement withrespect to the barrel,

, 6 A still further object of the invention is to provide a gun in whichthe stock must have both longitudinal and rotative movements withrespect to the barrel before the gun can be fired. so as to insureproper grip, shoulder and cheek pressures upon the gun before it can bedischarged.

To these and other ends the invention consists in the novel features andcombinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of a gun embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the operating mechanism shown inFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line 5-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a slightly modified form ofgun;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line 'I-'| of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing the parts in a differentposition; and

Fig. 10 is a composite view of certain of the parts shown in Figs. 8 and9.

To illustrate a preferred embodiment of my invention, I have shown inFig. 1 of the drawings a gun having a barrel Ill, a grip portion II, anda stock l2. The trigger guard is shown at l3, and the trigger I4 ispivoted at l5 and provided with a forwardly extending sear IS.

The grip portion of the gun is hollow and provided with a bore or recessI'I within which is disposed a post l8 which extends forwardly from thestock l2 and around which is provided an annular recess l9 within whichthe rear end of the tubular grip extends. It will be'seen particularlyfrom Fig. 1 that the rear end of the tubular grip does not ordinarilyextend to the bottom of the recess l9, but a shallow annular spaceremains between the bottom of the recess and the rear end of the hollowgrip.

A coil spring 2| is provided within the grip portion of the gun betweenthe front face of the post l8 and the front end of the hollow bore l1.As shown at 22 and 23, the ends of this spring are engaged with the gripportion and the post I8, respectively. It will be apparent that thisspring, acting as a compression spring, will normally hold the barreland receiver of the gun in a forward position with respect to the stock,but that pressure upon the barrel or grip portion of the gun rearwardlytoward the stock when the latter is held against movement will serve tocompress the spring 2| and move the barrel relatively to the stock so asto close the space 20. This will occur when the gun is held tightlyagainst the shoulder in proper firing position.

Upon the front end of the post 88 is secured a hollow or tubular member24, which projects forwardly from the post and surrounds the spring 2 i.This member may be secured upon the post l8 in any desired manner, suchas by the screw 25, and being secured to the post I8 will move forwardlywithin the bore I! of the grip portion of the gun when the space 20 isclosed up.

- The stock is connected to the gun by means of a relatively long boltor screw 26, which passes through the post I8 from the butt of the stockI2, and is threadedly engaged at 21 with the receiver. This bolt makes arelatively snug fit within the post l8, but at the same time the post iscapable to provide relative longitudinal movements between the twoparts, but also to provide a relative rotative movement between the twoparts, it being understood that the longitudinal movement to seat thegrip portion of the gun firmly against the stock in the bottom of therecess I9 is effected by pressure against the shoulder of the user,while the rotative movement is effected by pressure of the cheek of theuser against the stock.

As shown more particularly in Fig. 3, in its nortion, the trigger isprovided with a rearwardly extending lug 30 the end of which engagesbelow the forward end of the tubular member 24. Adjacent the point ofengagement the tubular member is provided with a slot 32, which, when itregisters with the lug 30, will receive this lug and permit the triggerto be pressed rearwardly. It will be understood that, as the tubularmember 24 moves with the stock in its rotative movement,

.when the stock is rotated by pressure of the cheek thereagainst so thatit is brought into alignment with the barrel and the lines 28 and 28 ofFig. 3 coincide, the slot 32 will register with the end of the lug 30and permit the gun to be fired. In any other position the trigger islocked against movement, and cannot be pressed rearwardly to fire thegun.

' The stock is maintained out of alignment with the barrel by means ofthe spring 2|, which not only acts as a compression spring, but acts asa torsion spring. As one end of this spring is engaged with the receiverof the gun and the rear end with the stock, the stock will be returnedto the position shown in Fig. 3 after it has been moved into firingposition in alignment with the barrel. In order to limit the movement ofthe stock by the spring in one direction, the tubular member 24 isprovided with a slot 33 adjacent the rear end thereof, and a pin 34 isinserted in the grip portion of the gun, the end of this pin beingreceived in the slot.

The position of the rear end of the trigger and the tubular member 24,when the gun stock is in its normal position out of alignment with thebarrel, is shown in Fig. 5, wherein it will be seen that the rear end ofthe lug 30 engages below a portion of the tubular member 24 adjacent theslot 32. In this position the gun cannot be fired. When, however, thegun is placed against the shoulder of the user and is gripped securelyby his hands, proper pressure against his shoulder will move the barrelrearwardly against the spring 2| until the rear end of the tubularportion of the grip will seat upon the bottom of the annular recess l 9,so that the user will know that he is properly pressing the gun againsthis shoulder. Also, when the user places his head and cheek in theproper position upon the stock and effects the proper pressure by hischeek upon the stock, the latter will be given a slight rotativemovement against the action of the spring 2|, serving as a torsionspring, to bring the stock and barrel into alignment, and to bring hiseye into alignment with the gun sights. At this time the lug 30 upon thetrigger will register with the slot 32 and will permit the firing of thegun. It will thus be seen that the correct grip, shoulder and cheekpressures are required before the gun can be fired, thus requiring thebeginner to hold the gun in the proper position.

In Figs. 6 to 10 of the drawings, I have shown a slightly modified formof invention wherein it is necessary to move the barrel rearwardly withrespect to the. stock to properly seat the tubular portion of the gripin the recess I9 before the stock can be rotated by the cheek. The partsof this form of my invention are similar to those just described inconnection with Figs. 1 and 5, with the exception of the form of therearwardly extending lug on the trigger and the shape of the slot at theforward end of the tubular member 24.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the member 24 isprovided adjacent its forward endwith an L-shaped slot 35, this slothaving a short lug 3B projecting thereinto from the front portion of themember 24. Also, as shown in these figures, the rearwardly extending lug30 upon the trigger is provided with a lateral recess 31, and rearwardlyof this recess is provided with an upstanding pin 38. This pin in thenormal position of the parts, as shown in Fig. 8, seats in the portion39 of the L-shaped slot 35. It will be seen, therefore, that the member24 cannot be rotated as long as the pin is in this position, due to thefact that such rotation will be prevented by the short lug 36. When,however, the barrel of the gun is moved rearwardly with relation to thestock, the pin 28 will move from the position shown in Fig. 8 to thatshown in Fig. 9, in which it clears the lug 36 and may be rotated in theslot until the lug 36 registers with the recess 31, as shown in Fig. 9.In this position the trigger may be pressed rearwardly, and the gundischarged. The normal or locked position of the parts is shown in Fig.8, wherein the trigger cannot be pressed rearwardly due to theengagement of the lug 36 therewith, nor can. the stock be ro tatedrelatively to the gun, due to the fact that the upstanding pin 38 uponthe lug 30 on the trigger is in engagement with the lug 36.

It will be seen, therefore, that in this form of my invention, thebarrel of the gun must be pressed rearwardly into the stock before the 4stock can be given a rotative movement by the check of the user to alignthe stock with the barrel, and to unlock the trigger so that the gun maybe discharged. In other words, both longitudinal and rotative movementsof the stock relatively to the barrel are required to alignthe parts ofthe gun and to place the firing mechanism in position to be discharged.

It will be seen, therefore, that in both forms of my invention I providefor the correct grip, shoulder and cheek pressures, thus requiring thatthe gun must be held in a proper position before it is discharged. Thebeginner will thus become accustomed to holding his gun properly, andwill learn the correct forms for shooting. When these principles havebeen perfected, he may, if he chooses, use the ordinary or expert's gun,as he will naturally hold his gun in the proper position as a result ofthe correct habits which have been formed.

While I have shown and described some preferred embodiments of myinvention, it will be understood that it is not to be limited to all ofthe details shown, but is capable of modification and variation withinthe spirit of the invention and. within the scope of the appendedclaims.

What I claim is:

1. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together in assembledposition for relative rotative movement, and means for preventingdischarge of the gun until said stock and barrel are in a predeterminedposition relative to one another.

2. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel inassembled position for a limited rotative movement relatively thereto,and means preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been givena rotative movement relatively to the barrel.

3. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together for relativerotative movement,

means normally holding said stock in a predetermined position relativelyto the barrel, and means for preventing discharge of the gun until saidstock has been given a rotative movement with respect to the barrel fromsaid normal position.

4. A gun having a. barrel, and a stock 'connected to the barrel forrotative movement relatively thereto, said stock occupying a normalpredetermined position with respect to the barrel, means preventingdischarge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movementrelatively to the barrel, and means to automatically efiect a returnrotative movement of the stock to its normal-position.

5. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel forrotative movement relatively thereto, said stock occupying a normalpredetermined position with respect -to the barrel, means preventingdischarge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movementrelatively to the barrel, and spring means to automatically effect areturn rotative movement of the stock to its normal position.

with the barrel when assembled therewith but rotatable with respect tothe barrel to efiect alignment of said parts, means for preventingdischarge of the gun until the stock and barrel are aligned, and meansfor efiecting rotation of the stock relatively to the barrel by pressureof the cheek of the user thereagainst when the gun is held to theshoulder.

8. A gun having a barrel and a stock connected together when assembledfor relative rotative movement, a trigger by which the gun isdischarged, and-means for preventing movement of the trigger todischarge the gun until said stock has been rotated relatively to thebarrel.

9. A gun having a barrel, and a stock connected to the barrel for alimited rotative movement relatively thereto, resilient means adapted tomove said stock in one direction to place it out of alignment with saidbarrel, said stock being adapted to be moved by pressure of the cheek ofthe user thereagainst into substantial alignment with the barrel, andmeans for preventing together, when assembled, for relative rotative andlongitudinal movements, said parts occupying a normal position withrespect to each other, means for preventing discharge of the gun untilsaid parts are moved longitudinally and rotatively from their normalpositions, and common means to return said parts to their normalpositions when the gun is removed from the usual firing position.

12. A gun having a barrel and a stock, said parts being capable ofrelative longitudinal and rotative movements, means for preventingdischarge of the gun until the stock has been given a rotative movementwith respect to the barrel, and means to prevent such rotative movementuntil the stock has been moved longitudinally in the direction of thebarrel.

13. A -gun having a barrel and a stock, said stock being slidably androtatably connected to the barrel and adapted to be moved both slidvablyand rotatably with respect thereto by pressure of the body of the userthereagainst, means for preventing discharge of the gun until a relativerotative movement of the parts has been efiected, and means forpreventing such rotative movement until a relative slidable movement ofthe parts has been effected.

14. A gun having a barrel and a stock, a member connecting said barreland stock for relative longitudinal and rotative movements whenassembled together, means for preventing discharge of the gun until atleast one of said movements has been efiected, and a spring actingbetween said parts to effect return movement thereof to normal position.

15. A gun having a barrel and a stock, one of said parts having a boretherein, the other of said parts having a post extending into said borewhereby the barrel and stock are connected together for rotativemovement, means urging said parts to a normal predetermined position inwhich the stock is out of angular alignment with the barrel, and meansfor preventing discharge of the gun until the stock has been moved intosubstantial alignment with the barrel.

16. A gun having a barrel and a grip portion, said grip portion beingprovided with a rearwardly facing bore, a stock having a part extendinginto said'bore and connecting the stock to the barrel for limitedrotative and slidable movements relatively thereto, a. spring mountedbetween said part and the bottom of said bore, said spring resistingboth rotative and slidable movements of the barrel and stock, and meansfor preventing firing of the gun until a relative rotative movement ofsaid parts has been effected.

17. A gun having a barrel and a grip portion, said grip portion beingprovided with a rearwardly facing bore, a stock having a part extendinginto said bore and connected to the barrel for limited rotative andslidable movements relatively thereto, a spring mounted between saidpart and the bottom of said bore, said spring resisting both rotativeand slidable movements of the barrel and stock, and means for preventingflring of the gun until both rotative and longitudinal relative movementof said parts has been effected.

LE ROY B. FRASER.

